Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Social Security Disability (SSD) are two distinct programs offering financial assistance, but they serve different purposes and have different eligibility requirements.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a need-based program that provides financial assistance to individuals who are blind, elderly, or disabled and have limited or no income. SSI benefits help cover basic expenses such as food, shelter, and clothing.
Social Security Disability (SSD) Insurance, also known as SSDI, is a federally managed program that provides income replacement to individuals who are unable to work due to severe impairment. To qualify, applicants must have previously worked and paid into the Social Security system.
How is SSI Similar to Social Security?
- Monthly Benefits: Both programs offer monthly financial assistance.
- Medical Standards: The disability criteria for individuals aged 18 and older are the same for both programs. However, SSI has a different definition of disability for children under 18.
- Administration: Both programs are administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA).
How is SSI Different from Social Security Benefits?
- Eligibility Basis: SSI benefits are not based on work history. Instead, they are provided based on financial need. In contrast, Social Security benefits are tied to the applicant’s or a family member’s work history and contributions.
- Funding: SSI is funded through general U.S. Treasury funds, including personal income taxes, corporate taxes, and other revenues. It is not funded by Social Security taxes (FICA or SECA).
- Additional Benefits: In most states, SSI recipients are eligible for Medicaid, which covers medical expenses like hospital stays, doctor visits, and prescription drugs. SSI recipients may also qualify for food stamps, except in California. In some states, applying for SSI can also mean applying for food assistance.
- Payment Schedule: SSI benefits are paid on the first of each month.
- Eligibility Requirements: To qualify for SSI, you must be disabled, blind, or at least 65 years old with limited income and resources. Additionally, you must:
- Be a U.S. resident.
- Not be absent from the country for more than 30 days.
- Be a U.S. citizen, national, or in one of certain categories of eligible non-citizens.